Co 1 dioscorea alata soil and climate it requires warm and humid conditions with a mean temperature of 300c and a well distributed annual rainfall of 12002000 mm. Dioscorea dumetorum, burkina faso dioscorea japonica. Starch extraction from roots and tubers uses grating with water and sieves to separate the starch slurry from residual mass. Review of empirical and emerging breeding methods and. In florida, herbarium records now reported for naturalized populations in 7 counties.
They are high in starch content, edible and can be cooked before being eate. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in dioscorea esculenta. Covered with large leaves, it can quickly grow into the tops of tall trees. Reaction of dioscorea alata clones to plant parasitic. Introduction for many people in the world the word yni or its translation, refers to dioscorea alata l. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. This is important in the regions of the tropics, where it is grown for. The physicochemical properties of water yam dioscorea alata var. The pdf file linked from each plant community name describes the model and synthesizes the knowledge available on vegetation composition, structure, and dynamics in that community. The starch is recovered by decantation or centrifugation.
Dioscorea alata, also known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names, is a species of yam a tuber. Stems to 10 m 30 ft or more in length, freely branching above. Dioscorea in kew science plants of the world online. Knuth and a key to the yams of the comoro archipelago.
Winged yam dioscorea alata is another nonnative, invasive vine in florida. Dioscorea plants, the present investigation was carried out with a view to regenerate plantlet of dioscorea alata l. Its botanical name is dioscorea polystachya mistakenly called d. Summarya tissue culture method is described for the rapid clonal multiplication of dioscorea alata and d. Martin, plant geneticist, mayaguez institute of tropical agri culture, agricultural research service, u. Dioscorea is a genus of great economic value, including important food plants. Dioscorea alata water yam dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea convolvulacea yam dioscorea dumetorum bitter yam. Tuber crops find an important place in the dietary habits of small and marginal farmers especially in the food security of tribal. Yams description yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus dioscorea family dioscoreaceae that form edible tubers.
Reaction of dioscorea alata clones to plant parasitic nematodes infection osei k. General information water yam is a vigorous, perennial, climbing plant, producing annual stems up to 15 metres long from a very large tuberous rootstock. Philippine herbal medicine an illustrated compilation of philippine medicinal plants by dr godofredo stuart, with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and research studies. It is also called the winged yam because its stem is very square. Above ground differences betwen yam a, the alata, and yam b, the bulbifera at first glance yam a, the d. Yam is the third most important root and tuber crop in the tropics but few species are grown as health food andor for medicinal purposes. How dioscorea esculenta is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format.
Dioscorea alata in maluku are only sold in the form of a pile at a price of between rp 50000 per stack and then processed in a simple method such making boiledcassava or compote with sweet coconut milk, etc. The objective of this study is to evaluate some nutritional properties of fourteen water yam d. Starches of two water yam dioscorea alata varieties used as. It produces a large root crop of edible subterranean tubers yams which are an important starchy food source in many tropical to subtropical areas around the globe. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 239747 with original publication details. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Dioscorea alata, known as purple yam and many other names, is a species of yam, a tuberous root vegetable. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both cultivated and wild and for medicinal properties. This article is about yam a, dioscorea alata a for alata uhlaytuh. The aim of this research was the evaluation of the kinetics and the drying conditions, at laboratory scale, of two yam varieties d. Nucl eot ide and protein sequences in different genera within the famil y. Dioscorea alata is a fast growing slender climbing plant with pointed heart shaped leaves. List of various diseases cured by dioscorea esculenta.
The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. A number of wild crops remain unexplored in this world and among them some have excellent medicinal and nutritional properties. This is the case for dioscorea where few ssr developed for d. Pdf effects of extraction methods on yam dioscorea. Dioscorea bacilliform viruses dbvs are members of the badnavirus genus and can. Water yam or purple yam dioscorea alata is the main food crop of the genus dioscorea.
Dioscorins from different dioscorea species all exhibit both carbonic anhydrase and trypsin inhibitor activities. The plant list includes 1,192 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus dioscorea. The plants stems are round and thin, with big, black compound spines that are 24 cm long. Effects of different types of yam dioscorea alata products on the. Dioscorea alata, known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names, is a species of yam, a tuber. Dioscorea alata is the most extensively cultivated of the edible yams. Dietary pes plant estrogens of dioscorea can provide wide range of health benefits including protection. Several species are widely cultivated in many cultivars including dioscorea alata d.
The tubers are usually vivid violetpurple to bright lavender in colour, hence the common name, but they may sometimes be plain white. Dioscorea esculenta herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Tamiru, 2006, and currently it is the most diversified and extensively distributed species. Dioscorea alata in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region. The study of physical properties of dioscorea alatas.
Evolution and phylogenetic diversity of yam species. Characterization of the dioscorin gene family in dioscorea alata. We assessed the nature and pattern of genetic variability and differentiation in a panel of 100 wingedyam dioscorea alata accessions using 24 phenotypic traits and 6,918 single nucleotide. The plant list includes a further 316 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus dioscorea. Dioscorea esculenta herb uses, benefits, cures, side.
Dioscorea alata appears to be the more common name. Pdf drying kinetics of two yam dioscorea alata varieties. Dioscorea alata cultivars in bayelsa state, nigeria ogidi i. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in dioscorea alata. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. Potential health benefits of water yam dioscorea alata. Dioscorea species, popularly known as yam worldwide and as ban aalu in odisha, india, is a prime staple medicinalfood substitute for the majority of rural and tribal people of the state of india. It is also called as ube in philippines where it is consumed as a delicious and delightful sweet jam. Names of dioscorea esculenta in various languages of the world are also given. Dioscorea alata is one such edible species which has the highest yield among all dioscorea species and can be stored for a relatively longer period 22. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive plants.
Dioscorea rotundata african orphan crops consortium. Cultivated yams are vegetatively propagated while wild yams are sexually propagated. Feb 14, 2017 growth and distribution of roots of dioscorea alata l. Dioscorea opposita thunb tuber mucilage, dioscorea alata, dioscorea japonica, dioscorin esculenta, dioscorea babata etc. Dioscorea rotundata is indigenous to west africa and represents the most important species in terms of volume of production while d. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. I created this video with the youtube video editor. Root and tuber crops are the most important food crops after cereals. Dioscorea alata, also known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Department of crop and soil science, faculty of agriculture, niger delta university, wilberforce island, bayelsa state, nigeria. Growth and distribution of roots of dioscorea alata l. The wide adaptation and cultivation of water yam makes it one of the most important dioscorea species used for food in tropical and subtropical regions tay.
Coursey 1967, varying in the color and consistency of the flesh. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. The effects of the concentration of brown sugar and the. Dioscorea alata, popularly known as white, water or winged yam, is a tuberous root vegetable which belongs to the genus of dioscorea. Pdf the exponential increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in recent. Phenotypic and molecular assessment of genetic structure and. Genetic linkage maps have been constructed for one wild species, d. Dioscorea alata, commonly known as water yam or winged yam, is a fastgrowing, twining, tuberousrooted, herbaceous perennial vine of the yam family dioscoreaeae. To ascertain the potential health benefits and alternate usage of the species, 20 varieties of dioscorea alata. How dioscorea alata is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. India is a harbor of biodiversity in general and phytodiversity in particular.
Dioscorea alata, also known as greater yam, is one of the major cultivated species. Several species of dioscorea are among the main sources of diogenin. The bulbils may also be eaten, but the large tubers are favored. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of dioscorea.
This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Vigorously twining herbaceous vine, from massive underground tuber. Dioscorea alata winged yam this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Belonging to the genus dioscorea, dioscorea esculenta describes the plants ability to produce edible roots. In florida, herbarium records now reported for naturalized. The tubers are usually bright lavender in color, hence the common name, but they may sometimes be white. Yam is an important staple source of carbohydrates starch.
It is closely related to air potato dioscorea bulbifera. Oladele department of plant biology, university of ilorin, 234031 ilorin, nigeria abstract dioscorea alata l. This species was also evaluated using the predictive tool. Water yam dioscorea alata is a staple crop for many of the poorest in the tropics. Greater yam, water yam, white yam, winged yam synonymy. A combined approach for detecting yam dioscorea spp. Further studies to seek high resolution molecular markers in the species level to the success of identi. Dioscorea alata is mainly cultivated for its large white edible flesh roots which have.
Each plant produces around 23 tubers that have purple flesh and a browny exterior. Of the dioscorea species available in sbr, 10 species are known to be bitter in. Identification of host plant resistance to anthracnose in. Dioscorea alata is one of the most important staple crops in. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. The tubers are usually a vivid violetpurple to bright lavender in color hence the common name, but some range in color from cream to plain white. Dioscorin is one of the major soluble proteins in yam tubers. Bearth t bb, kappel r, kruger g, pfister r, editor. Dioscorea alata plant finder missouri botanical garden.
The leaves are soft, heartshaped, and 58 cm long and 68 cm wide. We present these results in conjunction with evaluation completed with either the status assessment, itp, or the legal status of the species in florida. Google suggests water yam as a synonym, making no mention of purple yam with the exception of this wikipedia article. The yam starch extraction is difficult due to high viscosity of the. Winged yam is known to have disprupted naturalarea plant communities, particularly coastal hammocks in south florida. Pdf potential health benefits of water yam dioscorea. Names of dioscorea alata in various languages of the world are also given. The plant diversity is distributed from the western ghats to eastern ghats, along with the northeastern region and from the greater himalayas to the plain of ganga. The alabama plant atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Unlike other wellknown plant storage proteins, such as patatin and sporamin, dioscorin is argued. Microsatellite and flow cytometry analysis to help understand the origin of dioscorea alata polyploids. Among the selected dioscorea species, the most economically important species, d. These are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in africa, asia, latin america, the caribbean and oceania.
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